Table of Contents

• 1. Add resources to executable
  • 1.2. Windows

1 Add resources to executable

1.1 Overview

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Sometimes it is necessary to embed resource such as icons, images,texts or even arbitrary binary data into executables. There severalapproaches for acomplishing this:

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• Windows:
  • Create a resource script, for instance resource.rc, and compilethe resource to object code with the MSVC resource compiler.rc.exe or GCC/Mingw resource compiler, windres.exe. Then build theexecutable by linking the application object code with thecompiled resource.
  • Functions: FindResource, LoadResource, SizeofResource,LockResource
  • Icon: On Windows it is the only way to add an inco to anexecutable.
• Unix-like:
  • objcopy tool.
  • ld (GNU ld linker)
  • Icon: Native executables for MacOSX, Linux and BSD don't supportembedded icon as Windows.
• Portable
  • Base 64 encoding - Initialize some string global variable withthe resource encoded as base64 string. When the resource isneeded, the program decode the global variable from base64 to abyte stream, byte array, string or file.
  • Byte array encoding - The resource is turned into a C++ sourcecode containing the resource encoded as a byte-array. The sourceis then compiled to object code and added to the application atlinking time. This technique is better implemented with an customexternal code generator or off-the-shelf tool such as:
    • image-magick -> Can convert images into a header filescontaining the image bytes.
      • $ convert image.png image1.h
    • xdd - utility
      • $ xxd file.png -i
      • $ xxd file.png -i > resourcedata.hpp

1.2 Windows

1.2.1 Documentation

Application:

• Resource Hacker - Resource compiler and decompiler.

MSDN Documentation

1.2.2 Build executable with icon

Files in the directory:

• main.cpp
• icon.rs
• monitor1.ico

File: main.cpp - main application.

File: icon.rs - Resource script

Building with MSVC (VC++)

Building with Mingw/GCC

1.3 Embedding Resource with xxd tool (Byte-array)

Example: The U-nix tool xxd can generate C-code for embeddingresources in native applications. Example: embed a text fileprotocols.txt

Run:

It will print to the screen the following code containing the fileencoded as byte array:

The generated header can be used to embed the file into theapplication:

1.4 Embedding Resources with incbin library

• INCBIN is a single-file header-only library which allows embeddingfiles in executables with the compiler's inline assembler.
• Repository:
• Note: the following CMakeLists.txt automatically downloads thesingle-file header only libary incbin.h to the directory${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/include

File: CMakeLists.txt

File: app.cpp

File: data.txt

• => File that will be embedded into the executable. (Textattributed to Marcus Tulius Cicero - 53 BC in latim)

Build:

Run:

Check the strings in the binary with command 'strings':

1.5 Embedding Resources with CMake Resource Compiler (CMakeRC)

A resource compiler is an application that appends text andbinary files to the executable object code without needing to storeresource files in the file system.

The project vector-of-bool/cmrc provides a convenient CMake resourcecompiler of easy usage in a single CMake script.

Benefits and possibilities:

• Cross-platform => Doesn't rely on framework-specific resourcecompiler such as Qt resource compiler or Windows resourcecompiler.
• Single CMake file
• Allows embedding any kind of data in the executable.
• Embed game assets
• Embed data and images in firmware
• Embed shader source code

Project Example:

Project Structure:

• CMakeLists.txt
• application1.cpp
• resources/
  • resources/hosts.txt
  • resources/protocols.txt
  • resources/terminal.jpeg

File: CMakeLists.txt

File: application1.cpp

Output of application1:

1.6 Base 64 Implementations

Taken from: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/342409

Base-64 Encoding

Base-64 Decoding

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